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27 Apr 2022 World malaria day

Posted at 13:24h in Daily current-affairs by khyati khare 0 Comments

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World Malaria Day is observed every year on 25 April to spread awareness about the global effort to control and eradicate malaria.
World Malaria Day was first organized in the year 2008. It was developed from the ‘Africa Malaria Day’, which was being celebrated by the governments of various African countries since 2001.
The theme of the year 2022 is “Use innovation to reduce the burden of malaria and save lives”.

Malaria is a mosquito-borne blood disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It is mainly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, South America and Asia.
This parasite is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
After entering the human body, the parasites initially multiply within the liver cells, then destroy the red blood cells (RBCs), resulting in the loss of RBCs. The Hindu Analysis
There are 5 parasitic species that cause malaria infection in humans, out of which 2 species – Plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Vivax, are at the highest risk of malaria infection.
Symptoms of malaria include fever and flu-like symptoms, including chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness.
Both prevention and treatment of this disease is possible.

RTS,S/AS01, also known as Mosquirix, is an injectable vaccine. This vaccine has been obtained after a long scientific trial which is completely safe. The use of this vaccine reduces the risk of malaria by up to 40 percent and its results have been seen among the best vaccines so far.
It was developed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Company and approved by European Medicines Agency in the year 2015. Today Current Affairs
The RTS,S vaccine develops the immune system against the malaria parasite, Plasmodium P. falciparum, which is the deadliest species of malaria parasite.

Malaria Burden: India has made considerable progress in reducing its malaria burden, according to the World Malaria Report (WMR) 2020 released by the World Health Organization (WHO), which gives information on estimated malaria cases worldwide. .
India is the only country which has registered a decline of 17.6% in the year 2019 as compared to the year 2018.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified 25 countries with potential to eradicate malaria by 2025 under its E-2025 initiative.
Efforts to eradicate malaria in India were initiated in the year 2015 and further accelerated after the launch of the National Framework for Malaria Elimination (NFME) of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in the year 2016. Today Current Affairs
NFME is in line with WHO’s Global Technical Strategy 2016–2030 (GTS) for Malaria. The Global Technical Strategy guides the WHO’s Global Malaria Program (GMP), which is responsible for coordinating WHO’s global efforts to control and eliminate malaria.
The National Strategic Plan for Malaria Elimination (2017-22) was launched in July 2017 in which the strategy has been laid down for the next five years.
It provides year-wise elimination targets in different parts of the country based on the endemicity of malaria.
The implementation of the High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) initiative was launched in July 2019 in four states (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh).
Distribution of long lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LLINs) in high stress areas has reduced the spread of malaria in these states. The Hindu Analysis
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has set up the Malaria Eradication Research Coalition-India (MERA-India), a group of partners working on malaria control.